PERONEAL TENDINOPATHY-  This injury describes a tendinitis of the peroneal tendon.  Typically tendinitis develops from overuse and/or repetitive strain on the tendon that results in micro-tears.  The body responds with inflammation and by laying down scar tissue to repair the damage.   

SYMPTOMS- Typical symptoms include pain/soreness to the touch, pain/soreness that gradually builds up over time, and pain when stretching the muscles associated with the peroneal tendon.  

TARSAL TUNNEL SYNDROME-  There is a tunnel (tarsal tunnel) that is located on the inside of the ankle that protects many structures, including the posterior tibial nerve.   When the posterior tibial nerve is compressed, it results in pain along the path of the nerve that runs from the ankle to the foot.  

SYMPTOMS-  Often patients will feel numbness, shooting pain that runs from the heal to the arch, pain when standing or running, and pain that seems worse at night.  Some patients describe the pain as a "burning sensation" that feels like a low electric shock.   

ANKLE SPRAIN (Twisted Ankle or Ankle Pain)- An ankle sprain can be an extremely painful injury that puts patients on the sidelines while it heals.  Typically a strain is caused by a sudden force that pushes the ligaments, muscles and tendons in the area beyond their normal range of motion.   This usually occurs when the foot is inverted or turned inwards.  

SYMPTOMS- Swelling, warmth, discoloration from bruising, soreness, increased pain with movement, and pain during standing/walking.   

PLANTAR FASCIITIS-  Plantar fasciitis involves swelling and inflammation of the thick band of tissue, called the plantar fascia, which runs across the bottom of your foot and connects your heel bone to your toes.  The plantar fascia supports the bottom of the foot and is one of the most common causes of heel and arch pain.  It typically presents as stabbing pain when weight bearing, especially with the first steps out of bed in the morning. 

SYMPTOMS

• Develops over time (gradually)
• Typically is the most painful in the morning with the first steps out of bed. 
• Stabbing pain or tenderness in heel
• Can be triggered by running, standing for long periods of time, or suddenly standing up from a seated position.  

MORTON'S SYNDROME-  When the tissue around the nerves that go into the toes, thickens.  It is most common to see this occur between the third and fourth toe.  

SYMPTOMS- Burning pain, sharp pain, toe numbness/stinging/burning.  Typically pain is felt in the forefoot.  People who do a lot of running activities are often more vulnerable to this condition.